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Fortinet NSE7_EFW-7.2 Exam Syllabus Topics:
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NEW QUESTION # 21
Exhibit.
Refer to the exhibit, which shows the output from the webfilter fortiguard cache dump and webfilter categories commands.
Using the output, how can an administrator determine the category of the training.fortinet.com am website?
- A. The administrator must convert the first three digits of the IP hex value to binary
- B. The administrator can look up the hex value of 34 in the second command output.
- C. The administrator must add both the Pima in and Iphex values of 34 to get the category number
- D. The administrator must convert the first two digits of the Domain hex value to a decimal value
Answer: B
Explanation:
Option B is correct because the administrator can determine the category of the training.fortinet.com website by looking up the hex value of 34 in the second command output. This is because the first command output shows that the domain and the IP of the website are both in category (Hex) 34, which corresponds to Information Technology in the second command output1.
Option A is incorrect because the administrator does not need to convert the first three digits of the IP hex value to binary. The IP hex value is already in the same format as the category hex value, so the administrator can simply compare them without any conversion2.
Option C is incorrect because the administrator does not need to add both the Pima in and Iphex values of 34 to get the category number. The Pima in and Iphex values are not related to the category number, but to the cache TTL and the database version respectively3.
Option D is incorrect because the administrator does not need to convert the first two digits of the Domain hex value to a decimal value. The Domain hex value is already in the same format as the category hex value, so the administrator can simply compare them without any conversion2. Reference: =
1: Technical Tip: Verify the webfilter cache content4
2: Hexadecimal to Decimal Converter5
3: FortiGate - Fortinet Community6
4: Web filter | FortiGate / FortiOS 7.2.0 - Fortinet Documentation7
NEW QUESTION # 22
An administrator has configured two fortiGate devices for an HA cluster. While testing HA failover, the administrator notices that some of the switches in the network continue to send traffic to the former primary device What can the administrator do to fix this problem?
- A. Configure set send-garp-on-failover enables under config system ha on both cluster members
- B. Configure remote Iink monitoring to detect an issue in the forwarding path
- C. Configure set link -failed signal enable under-config system ha on both Cluster members
- D. Verity Mai the speed and duplex settings match between me FortiGate interfaces and the connected switch ports
Answer: C
Explanation:
Virtual MAC Address and Failover
- The new primary broadcasts Gratuitous ARP packets to notify the network that each virtual MAC is now reachable through a different switch port.
- Some high-end switches might not clear their MAC table correctly after a failover - Solution: Force former primary to shut down all its interfaces for one second when the failover happens (excluding heartbeat and reserved management interfaces):
#Config system ha
set link-failed-signal enable
end
- This simulates a link failure that clears the related entries from MAC table of the switches.
NEW QUESTION # 23
An administrator has configured two fortiGate devices for an HA cluster. While testing HA failover, the administrator notices that some of the switches in the network continue to send traffic to the former primary device What can the administrator do to fix this problem?
- A. Configure set link -failed signal enable under-config system ha on both Cluster members
- B. Verify that the speed and duplex settings match between me FortiGate interfaces and the connected switch ports
- C. Configure remote Iink monitoring to detect an issue in the forwarding path
- D. Configure set send-garp-on-failover enables under config system ha on both cluster members
Answer: D
Explanation:
Virtual MAC Address and Failover
- The new primary broadcasts Gratuitous ARP packets to notify the network that each virtual MAC is now reachable through a different switch port.
- Some high-end switches might not clear their MAC table correctly after a failover - Solution: Force former primary to shut down all its interfaces for one second when the failover happens (excluding heartbeat and reserved management interfaces):
#Config system ha
set link-failed-signal enable
end
- This simulates a link failure that clears the related entries from MAC table of the switches.
NEW QUESTION # 24
Winch two statements about ADVPN are true? (Choose two)
- A. Spoke to-spoke traffic never goes through the hub
- B. auto-discovery receiver must be set to enable on the Spokes.
- C. lt supports NAI for on-demand tunnels
- D. Routing is configured by enabling add-advpn-route
Answer: B,C
Explanation:
ADVPN (Auto Discovery VPN) is a feature that allows to dynamically establish direct tunnels (called shortcuts) between the spokes of a traditional Hub and Spoke architecture. The auto-discovery receiver must be set to enable on the spokes to allow them to receive NHRP messages from the hub and other spokes.
NHRP (Next Hop Resolution Protocol) is used for on-demand tunnels, which are established when there is traffic between spokes. Routing is configured by enabling add-nhrp-route, not add-advpn-route. References :
= ADVPN | FortiGate / FortiOS 7.2.0 | Fortinet Document Library, Technical Tip: Fortinet Auto Discovery VPN (ADVPN)
NEW QUESTION # 25
Exhibit.
Refer to the exhibit, which contains a partial VPN configuration.
What can you conclude from this configuration1?
- A. Dead peer detection s disabled.
- B. The VPN should use the dynamic routing protocol to exchange routing information Through the tunnels.
- C. FortiGate creates separate virtual interfaces for each dial up client.
- D. The routing table shows a single IPSec virtual interface.
Answer: A
Explanation:
The configuration line "set dpd on-idle" indicates that dead peer detection (DPD) is set to trigger only when the tunnel is idle, not actively disabled1. References: FortiGate IPSec VPN User Guide - Fortinet Document Library From the given VPN configuration, dead peer detection (DPD) is set to 'on-idle', indicating that DPD is enabled and will be used to detect if the other end of the VPN tunnel is still alive when no traffic is detected.
Hence, option C is incorrect. The configuration shows the tunnel set to type 'dynamic', which does not create separate virtual interfaces for each dial-up client (A), and it is not specified that dynamic routing will be used (B). Since this is a phase 1 configuration snippet, the routing table aspect (D) cannot be concluded from this alone.
NEW QUESTION # 26
Which two statements about IKE vision 2 are true? (Choose two.)
- A. It exchanges a minimum of four messages to establish a secure tunnel
- B. It supports the XAuth protocol.
- C. Phase 1 includes main mode
- D. It supports the extensible authentication protocol (EAP)
Answer: A,D
Explanation:
IKE version 2 supports the extensible authentication protocol (EAP), which allows for more flexible and secure authentication methods1. IKE version 2 also exchanges a minimum of four messages to establish a secure tunnel, which is more efficient than IKE version 12. Reference: = IKE settings | FortiClient 7.2.2 - Fortinet Documentation, Technical Tip: How to configure IKE version 1 or 2 ... - Fortinet Community
NEW QUESTION # 27
Refer to the exhibit.
which contains a partial configuration of the global system. What can you conclude from this output?
- A. NPs and CPs are enabled
- B. NPs and CPs arc disabled
- C. Only NPs are disabled
- D. Only CPs arc disabled
Answer: B
Explanation:
The configuration output shows various global settings for a FortiGate device. The terms NP (Network Processor) and CP (Content Processor) relate to FortiGate's hardware acceleration features. However, the provided configuration output does not directly mention the status (enabled or disabled) of NPs and CPs.
Typically, the command to disable or enable hardware acceleration features would specifically mention NP or CP in the command syntax. Therefore, based on the output provided, we cannot conclusively determine the status of NPs and CPs, hence option D is the closest answer since the output does not confirm that they are enabled.
References:
* FortiOS Handbook - CLI Reference for FortiOS 5.2
NEW QUESTION # 28
Which FortiGate in a Security I auric sends togs to FortiAnalyzer?
- A. Each FortiGate in the Security fabric.
- B. Only the root FortiGate.
- C. The FortiGate devices performing network address translation (NAT) or unified threat management (UTM). if configured.
- D. Only the last FortiGate that handled a session in the Security Fabric
Answer: A
Explanation:
Option B is correct because each FortiGate in the Security Fabric can send logs to FortiAnalyzer for centralized logging and analysis12. This allows you to monitor and manage the entire Security Fabric from a single console and view aggregated reports and dashboards.
Option A is incorrect because the root FortiGate is not the only device that can send logs to FortiAnalyzer. The root FortiGate is the device that initiates the Security Fabric and acts as the central point of contact for other FortiGate devices3. However, it does not have to be the only log source for FortiAnalyzer.
Option C is incorrect because the FortiGate devices performing NAT or UTM are not the only devices that can send logs to FortiAnalyzer. These devices can perform additional security functions on the traffic that passes through them, such as firewall, antivirus, web filtering, etc4. However, they are not the only devices that generate logs in the Security Fabric.
Option D is incorrect because the last FortiGate that handled a session in the Security Fabric is not the only device that can send logs to FortiAnalyzer. The last FortiGate is the device that terminates the session and applies the final security policy5. However, it does not have to be the only device that reports the session information to FortiAnalyzer. Reference: =
1: Security Fabric - Fortinet Documentation1
2: FortiAnalyzer Demo6
3: Security Fabric topology
4: Security Fabric UTM features
5: Security Fabric session handling
NEW QUESTION # 29
Refer to the exhibit, which shows an ADVPN network.
Which VPN phase 1 parameters must you configure on the hub for the ADVPN feature to function? (Choose two.)
- A. set auto-discovery-receiver enable
- B. set auto-discovery-sender enable
- C. set auto-discovery-forwarder enable
- D. set add-route enable
Answer: A,C
Explanation:
For the ADVPN feature to function properly on the hub, the following phase 1 parameters must be configured:
A). set auto-discovery-forwarder enable: This enables the hub to forward shortcut information to the spokes, which is essential for them to establish direct tunnels.
C). set auto-discovery-receiver enable: This allows the hub to receive shortcut offers from the spokes.
This information is corroborated by the Fortinet documentation, which explains that in an ADVPN setup, the hub must be able to both forward and receive shortcut information for dynamic tunnel creation between spokes.
NEW QUESTION # 30
Refer to the exhibit, which contains a partial BGP combination.
You want to configure a loopback as the OGP source.
Which two parameters must you set in the BGP configuration? (Choose two)
- A. update-source
- B. recursive-next-hop
- C. ebgp-enforce-multihop
- D. ibgp-enfoce-multihop
Answer: A,C
Explanation:
To configure a loopback as the BGP source, you need to set the "ebgp-enforce-multihop" and "update-source" parameters in the BGP configuration. The "ebgp-enforce-multihop" allows EBGP connections to neighbor routers that are not directly connected, while "update-source" specifies the IP address that should be used for the BGP session1. Reference := BGP on loopback, Loopback interface, Technical Tip: Configuring EBGP Multihop Load-Balancing, Technical Tip: BGP routes are not installed in routing table with loopback as update source
NEW QUESTION # 31
Exhibit.
Refer to the exhibit, which shows the output from the webfilter fortiguard cache dump and webfilter categories commands.
Using the output, how can an administrator determine the category of the training.fortinet.com am website?
- A. The administrator must convert the first three digits of the IP hex value to binary
- B. The administrator can look up the hex value of 34 in the second command output.
- C. The administrator must add both the Pima in and Iphex values of 34 to get the category number
- D. The administrator must convert the first two digits of the Domain hex value to a decimal value
Answer: B
Explanation:
* Option B is correct because the administrator can determine the category of the training.fortinet.com website by looking up the hex value of 34 in the second command output. This is because the first command output shows that the domain and the IP of the website are both in category (Hex) 34, which corresponds to Information Technology in the second command output1.
* Option A is incorrect because the administrator does not need to convert the first three digits of the IP hex value to binary. The IP hex value is already in the same format as the category hex value, so the administrator can simply compare them without any conversion2.
* Option C is incorrect because the administrator does not need to add both the Pima in and Iphex values of 34 to get the category number. The Pima in and Iphex values are not related to the category number, but to the cache TTL and the database version respectively3.
* Option D is incorrect because the administrator does not need to convert the first two digits of the Domain hex value to a decimal value. The Domain hex value is already in the same format as the category hex value, so the administrator can simply compare them without any conversion2. References: =
* 1: Technical Tip: Verify the webfilter cache content4
* 2: Hexadecimal to Decimal Converter5
* 3: FortiGate - Fortinet Community6
* : Web filter | FortiGate / FortiOS 7.2.0 - Fortinet Documentation7
NEW QUESTION # 32
Exhibit.
Refer to the exhibit, which contains an active-active toad balancing scenario.
During the traffic flow the primary FortiGate forwards the SYN packet to the secondary FortiGate.
What is the destination MAC address or addresses when packets are forwarded from the primary FortiGate to the secondary FortiGate?
- A. Secondary virtual MAC port1
- B. Secondary physical MAC port2 then virtual MAC port2
- C. Secondary physical MAC port1
- D. Secondary virtual MAC port1 then physical MAC port1
Answer: C
Explanation:
In an active-active load balancing scenario, when the primary FortiGate forwards the SYN packet to the secondary FortiGate, the destination MAC address would be the secondary's physical MAC on port1, as the packet is being sent over the network and the physical MAC is used for layer 2 transmissions.
NEW QUESTION # 33
Which two statements about IKE vision 2 are true? (Choose two.)
- A. It exchanges a minimum of four messages to establish a secure tunnel
- B. It supports the XAuth protocol.
- C. Phase 1 includes main mode
- D. It supports the extensible authentication protocol (EAP)
Answer: A,D
Explanation:
IKE version 2 supports the extensible authentication protocol (EAP), which allows for more flexible and secure authentication methods1. IKE version 2 also exchanges a minimum of four messages toestablish a secure tunnel, which is more efficient than IKE version 12. References: = IKE settings | FortiClient 7.2.2 - Fortinet Documentation, Technical Tip: How to configure IKE version 1 or 2 ... - Fortinet Community
NEW QUESTION # 34
Exhibit.
Refer to the exhibit, which shows a partial touting table
What two concisions can you draw from the corresponding FortiGate configuration? (Choose two.)
- A. net-device is enabled in the tunnel IPSec phase 1 configuration
- B. IPSec Tunnel aggregation is configured
- C. OSPI is configured to run over IPSec.
- D. add-route is disabled in the tunnel IPSec phase 1 configuration.
Answer: A,D
Explanation:
* Option B is correct because the routing table shows that the tunnel interfaces have a netmask of
255.255.255.255, which indicates that net-device is enabled in the phase 1 configuration. This option allows the FortiGate to use the tunnel interface as a next-hop for routing, without adding a route to the phase 2 destination1.
* Option D is correct because the routing table does not show any routes to the phase 2 destination networks, which indicates that add-route is disabled in the phase 1 configuration. This option controls whether the FortiGate adds a static route to the phase 2 destination network using the tunnel interface as the gateway2.
* Option A is incorrect because IPSec tunnel aggregation is a feature that allows multiple phase 2 selectors to share a single phase 1 tunnel, reducing the number of tunnels and improving performance3.
This feature is not related to the routing table or the phase 1 configuration.
* Option C is incorrect because OSPF is a dynamic routing protocol that can run over IPSec tunnels, but it requires additional configuration on the FortiGate and the peer device4. This option is not related to the routing table or the phase 1 configuration. References: =
* 1: Technical Tip: 'set net-device' new route-based IPsec logic2
* 2: Adding a static route5
* 3: IPSec VPN concepts6
* 4: Dynamic routing over IPsec VPN7
NEW QUESTION # 35
Refer to the exhibit, which contains a TCL script configuration on FortiManager.
An administrator has configured the TCL script on FortiManager, but the TCL script failed to apply any changes to the managed device after being run.
Why did the TCL script fail to make any changes to the managed device?
- A. The TCL script must start with #include.
- B. There is no corresponding #! to signify the end of the script.
- C. The TCL procedure run_cmd has not been created.
- D. The TCL procedure lacks the required loop statements to iterate through the changes.
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 36
Refer to the exhibit, which shows two configured FortiGate devices and peering over FGSP.
The main link directly connects the two FortiGate devices and is configured using the set session-syn-dev <interface> command.
What is the primary reason to configure the main link?
- A. To have both sessions and configuration synchronization in layer 2
- B. To load balance both sessions and configuration synchronization between layer 2 and 3
- C. To have only configuration synchronization in layer 3
- D. To have both sessions and configuration synchronization in layer 3
Answer: D
Explanation:
The primary purpose of configuring a main link between the devices is to synchronize session information so that if one unit fails, the other can continue processing traffic without dropping active sessions.
A).To have both sessions and configuration synchronization in layer 2.This is incorrect because FGSP is used for session synchronization, not configuration synchronization.
B).To load balance both sessions and configuration synchronization between layer 2 and 3.FGSP does not perform load balancing and is not used for configuration synchronization.
C).To have only configuration synchronization in layer 3.The main link is not used solely for configuration synchronization.
D).To have both sessions and configuration synchronization in layer 3.The main link in an FGSP setup is indeed used to synchronize session information across the devices, and it operates at layer 3 since it uses IP addresses to establish the peering.
NEW QUESTION # 37
Refer to the exhibit, which shows config system central-management information.
Which setting must you configure for the web filtering feature to function?
- A. Configure securewf.fortiguard. net on the default servers.
- B. Add server. fortiguard. net to the server list.
- C. Configure server-type with the rating option.
- D. Set update-server-location to automatic.
Answer: B
Explanation:
For the web filtering feature to function effectively, the FortiGate device needs to have a server configured for rating services. The rating option in the server-type setting specifies that the server is used for URL rating lookup, which is essential for web filtering. The displayed configuration does not list any FortiGuard web filtering servers, which would be necessary for web filtering. The setting set include-default-servers disable indicates that the default FortiGuard servers are not being used, and hence, a specific server for web filtering (like securewf.fortiguard.net) needs to be configured.
NEW QUESTION # 38
Exhibit.
Refer to exhibit, which shows a central management configuration
Which server will FortiGate choose for web filler rating requests if 10.0.1.240 is experiencing an outage?
- A. 10.0.1.243
- B. 10.0.1.244
- C. Public FortiGuard servers
- D. 10.0.1.242
Answer: B
Explanation:
In the event of an outage at 10.0.1.240, the FortiGate will choose the next server in the sequence for web filter rating requests, which is 10.0.1.244 according to the configuration shown in the exhibit. This is because the server list is ordered by priority, and the server with the lowest priority number is chosen first. If that server is unavailable, the next server with the next lowest priority number is chosen, and so on. The public FortiGuard servers are only used if the include-default-servers option is enabled and all the custom servers are unavailable. References := Fortinet Enterprise Firewall Study Guide for FortiOS 7.2, page 132.
NEW QUESTION # 39
Which statement about network processor (NP) offloading is true?
- A. The NP checks the session key or IPSec SA
- B. For TCP traffic FortiGate CPU offloads the first packets of SYN/ACK and ACK of the three-way handshake to NP
- C. The NP provides IPS signature matching
- D. You can disable the NP for each firewall policy using the command np-acceleration st to loose.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Network processors (NPs) are specialized hardware within FortiGate devices that accelerate certain security functions. One of the primary functions of NPs is to provide IPS signature matching (B), allowing for high- speed inspection of traffic against a database of known threat signatures.
NEW QUESTION # 40
Refer to the exhibit, which shows a network diagram.
Which IPsec phase 2 configuration should you impalement so that only one remote site is connected at any time?
- A. Set single-source to enable
- B. Set route-overlap to allow.
- C. Set route-overlap to either use-new or use-old
- D. Set net-device to enable
Answer: C
Explanation:
To ensure that only one remote site is connected at any given time in an IPsec VPN scenario, you should use route-overlapwith the option to either use-new or use-old. This setting dictates which routes are preferred and how overlaps in routes are handled, allowing for one connection to take precedence over the other (C).
References:
* FortiOS Handbook - IPsec VPN
NEW QUESTION # 41
Exhibit.
Refer to the exhibit, which contains a partial policy configuration.
Which setting must you configure to allow SSH?
- A. Configure pot 22 in the Protocol Options field.
- B. Include SSH in the Application field
- C. Specify SSH in the Service field
- D. Select an application control profile corresponding to SSH in the Security Profiles section
Answer: C
Explanation:
* Option A is correct because to allow SSH, you need to specify SSH in the Service field of the policy configuration. This is because the Service field determines which types of traffic are allowed by the policy1. By default, the Service field is set to App Default, which means that the policy will use the default ports defined by the applications. However, SSH is not one of the default applications, so you need to specify it manually or create a custom service for it2.
* Option B is incorrect because configuring port 22 in the Protocol Options field is not enough to allow
* SSH. The Protocol Options field allows you to customize the protocol inspection and anomaly protection settings for the policy3. However, this field does not override the Service field, which still needs to match the traffic type.
* Option C is incorrect because including SSH in the Application field is not enough to allow SSH. The Application field allows you to filter the traffic based on the application signatures and categories4.
However, this field does not override the Service field, which still needs to match the traffic type.
* Option D is incorrect because selecting an application control profile corresponding to SSH in the Security Profiles section is not enough to allow SSH. The Security Profiles section allows you to apply various security features to the traffic, such as antivirus, web filtering, IPS, etc. However, this section does not override the Service field, which still needs to match the traffic type. References: =
* 1: Firewall policies
* 2: Services
* 3: Protocol options profiles
* 4: Application control
NEW QUESTION # 42
Which two statements about ADVPN are true? (Choose two.)
- A. You must disable add-route in the hub.
- B. You must configure phase 2 quick mode selectors to 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0.
- C. AllFortiGate devices must be in the same autonomous system (AS).
- D. The hub adds routes based on IKE negotiations.
Answer: B,D
Explanation:
C). The hub adds routes based on IKE negotiations: This is part of the ADVPN functionality where the hub learns about the networks behind the spokes and can add routes dynamically based on the IKE negotiations with the spokes.
D). You must configure phase 2 quick mode selectors to 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0: This wildcard setting in the phase 2 selectors allows any-to-any tunnel establishment, which is necessary for the dynamic creation of spoke-to-spoke tunnels.
These configurations are outlined in Fortinet's documentation for setting up ADVPN, where the hub's role in route control and the use of wildcard selectors for phase 2 are emphasized to enable dynamic tunneling between spokes.
NEW QUESTION # 43
Exhibit.
Refer to the exhibit, which shows a partial web filter profile conjuration What can you cone udo from this configuration about access towww.facebook, com, which is categorized as Social Networking?
- A. The access is hocked if the local or the public FortiGuard server does not reply
- B. The access is blocked based on the URL Filter configuration
- C. The access is allowed based on the FortiGuard Category Based Filter configuration
- D. The access is blocked based on the Content Filter configuration
Answer: B
Explanation:
The access to www.facebook.com is blocked based on the URL Filter configuration. In the exhibit, it shows that the URL "www.facebook.com" is specifically set to "Block" under the URL Filter section1. References := Fortigate: How to configure Web Filter function on Fortigate, Web filter | FortiGate / FortiOS 7.0.2 | Fortinet Document Library, FortiGate HTTPS web URL filtering ... - Fortinet ... - Fortinet Community
NEW QUESTION # 44
Exhibit.
Refer to the exhibit, which contains a CLI script configuration on fortiManager. An administrator configured the CLI script on FortiManager rut the script tailed to apply any changes to the managed device after being executed.
What are two reasons why the script did not make any changes to the managed device? (Choose two)
- A. The commands that start with the # sign did not run.
- B. Static routes can be added using only TCI scripts.
- C. CLI scripts must start with #!.
- D. Incomplete commands can cause CLI scripts to fail.
Answer: A,D
Explanation:
The commands that start with the # sign did not run because they are treated as comments in the CLI script. Incomplete commands can cause CLI scripts to fail because they are not recognized by the FortiGate device. The other options are incorrect because static routes can be added using CLI or GUI, and CLI scripts do not need to start with #!. Reference := Configuring custom scripts | FortiManager 7.2.0 - Fortinet Documentation, section "CLI script syntax".
NEW QUESTION # 45
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